Glossary

=﻿Glossary of Copyright Terms=

This page will provide you with some basic definitions. You should consult the Copyright Actwhich provides the federal legislation governing copyright in Canada.

A reprography collective that grants licences to photocopy works and collects fees on behalf of its members.
 * Access Copyright **

Visual representations such as a painting, drawing, map, photograph, sculpture, engraving or architectural plan.
 * Artistic work **

Transfer of copyright from the original owner to another party.
 * Assignment **

The creator of an artistic, literary, musical or dramatic work.
 * Author **

A country that is party to the Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works concluded at Berne on September 9, 1886, or any one of its revisions, including the Paris Act of 1971.
 * Berne Convention Country **

Federal agency responsible for the administration of intellectual property laws (includes Copyright Office).
 * Canadian Intellectual Property Office (CIPO) **

Organization that administers rights granted by the copyright system on behalf of copyright owners who have joined that collective.
 * Collective **

Provides protection for literary, artistic, dramatic or musical works (including computer programs) and three other subject matter known as: performer’s performance, sound recording and communication signal.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Federal legislation governing copyright in Canada.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright Act **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A tribunal that reviews and must approve all tariffs and fees proposed by collectives such as SOCAN, the Canadian performing rights society. The Board can also set royalties when asked to do so by either a collective or a user of a collective’s repertoire. The Board also grants licences for use of works when the copyright owner cannot be located.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright Board of Canada **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Violation of copyright through unauthorized copying or use of a work or other subject matter under copyright.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright Infringement **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The federal government office responsible for registering copyrights and agreements affecting copyright in Canada.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright Office **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copyright in works prepared for or published by the government, i.e. government publications. <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;"> <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Includes plays, screenplays, scripts, films, videos and choreographic works and translations of such works.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Crown copyright **
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Dramatic work **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A provision in a copyright law permitting the use of a work by defined user groups without the consent of its creator and without the payment of royalties which use would otherwise be an infringement of copyright. Examples of user groups benefiting from exceptions are educational institutions, libraries, museums, archives and persons with a perceptual disability.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Exception **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Use of works for purposes of private study, research, criticism, review or news reporting that is not considered constitute infringement of copyright.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Fair Dealing **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The visual features of shape, configuration, pattern or ornament (or any combination of these features) applied to a finished article of manufacture.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Industrial Designs **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Three-dimensional configurations of electronic circuits embodied in integrated circuit products or layout designs.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Integrated Circuit Topographies **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A form of creative endeavour that can be protected through a copyright, trade-mark, patents, industrial design or integrated circuit topograph.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Intellectual Property **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Legal agreement granting someone permission to sue a work for certain purposes or under certain conditions. A licence does not constitute a change in ownership of the copyright.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Licence **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Work consisting of text which includes novels, poems, song lyrics without music, catalogues, reports, tables and translations of such works. It also includes computer programs.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Literary Work **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Indicating copyright with the symbol ©, the name of the copyright owner and the year of first publication.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Marking **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Rights an author retains over the integrity of a work and the right to be named as its author even after sale or transfer of the copyright.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Moral Rights **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Work which consists of music plus lyrics or music only.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Musical Work **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Cover new inventions (process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter), or any new and useful improvement of an existing invention.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Patents **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A name used by the writer instead of his or her real name.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Pen name or nom de plume **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A term used to indicate rights of performers and sound recording producers to be remunerated when their performances and sound recordings are performed publicly or broadcast, also referred to as “neighbouring rights”.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Performers and producers rights **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">An organization that administers rights to perform musical works on behalf of composers, lyricists, songwriters and music publishers (see SOCAN).
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Performing Rights Society **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Using the work (or part of it) of another person and claiming it as your own.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Plagiarism **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Copying of pre-recorded musical works, performer’s performances and sound recordings onto a blank medium, such as an audio tape or cassette, for personal use.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Private copying **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">An amount of money established by the Copyright Board on blank recording media made or imported and sold in Canada, payable by manufacturers and importers with the money collected being redistributed to eligible composers, lyricists, performers and sound recording makes through their professional associations or collectives.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Private copying levy **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A work which is published for the first time (or for certain types of works, published or performed or delivered in public for the first time) after the author’s death.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Posthumous work **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Making copies of a work available to the public. The construction of an architectural work and the incorporation of an artistic work into an architectural work are considered publication.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Publication **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The formal record of a copyright by the Copyright Office.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Registration **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A country that is party to the International Convention for the Protection of Performers, Producers of Phonograms and Broadcasting Organizations adopted on October 26, 2961, in Rome.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Rome Convention Country **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A sum paid to copyright owners for the sale or use of their works or other subject matter.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Royalty **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A device which reproduces sounds, such as a cassette, record or CD player.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Sound recording **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">The Society of Composers, Authors, and Music Publishers of Canada. SOCAN is the only performing rights society in Canada.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">SOCAN **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A Standard charge for use of copyrighted works. Usually applies to fees paid by users of musical works and cable companies for the rebroadcast of programs.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Tariff **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Works, symbols, designs (or a combination of these), used to distinguish the goods and services of one person or organization from those of others in the marketplace.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Trade-marks **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A country that is party to the Universal Copyright Convention, adopted on September 6, 1952, in Geneva, Switzerland, or to that Convention as revised in Paris, France, on July 24, 1971.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Universal Copyright Convention Country **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">A country that is a Member of the World Trade Organization as defined in subsection 2(1) of the World Trade Organization Agreement Implementation Act.
 * <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">WTO Member Country **

<span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">(From "A Guide To Copyrights", Business Development Centre) - @Copyright Guide <span style="font-family: Verdana,Geneva,sans-serif;">Permission to reproduce. Source: Canadian Intellectual Property Office (CIPO)